What Is 1984 About - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 964 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/04/10 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: 1984 Essay Did you like this example? Book 1984, before beginning with this incredible story, lets talk about, what is the book 1984? Is most of the famous book ever in worldwide except in United States of America (USA), the world 1984 is one in which eternal warfare is the price of bleak prosperity, in which the Party keeps itself in power by complete control over mans actions and his thoughts, As the lovers Winston Smith and Julia learn when they they try to evade the Thought Police, and then join the underground opposition, the Party can smash the last impulse of love, the last flicker of individuality. But why is this famous not famous in the USA? Well, this is the million question, because here is why this essay would be the best essay ever, and this is where this story begins.. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "What Is 1984 About?" essay for you Create order The U.S has been most of the top powerful countries, because of the money, because of the big land and of course of the technology. The U.S has cameras on every single street, and on every single alleys. That is why, the book 1984 relates to the actually parts of the world, but more in the U.S.A. The U.S wants actually to be one of the top powerful country within technology, they want to watch every single day if their people are being good people and loyal to the country. The book 1984 is about a man that controls everyone, watching them through cameras. This man is named as Big Brother, he is the most powerful person in the story. The U.S head leaders wants to be like Big Brother, they want to control everything even animals we could suggest, and of course they want to have all the money, so they can be powerful and pay for any person that wants to discover if they are doing something bad or if they are hiding something. As a great teacher said once, they are doing something good on one hand, but they are actually doing something else on the other hand. Today, there are a lot of cameras in everywhere, supposedly the head leaders says that those cameras are for our safety, but that is actually true, thats an advantage for us if something happen, like just in case, so this is an example of how the head leaders are doing a good thing on a hand. Another reason for the cameras are for watching us, watch what are we doing in every single second, minute, hour, day, etc. There is not an actually reason of why do they want to watch us, but this is an example of how they are doing something else, in the other hand, while people are focusing on the first example. The head leaders had payed to people to be quiet, to dont say anything if they find something, so this is practically the same on 1984, because the Big Brother (BB) urged people to be in his side, paying them good enough for their entire life, he urged them to be in his side, so they will gain good things, so that is how Big Brother is doing a good thing is one hand, while he is destroying the life of Londons people on the other hand. This book is very popular in a lot countries in worldwide, except in the U.S, but why? Its not popular because is practically describing of how people is treated within the country. They cannot do something for themselves because they already know that either someone is watching them. They have no privacy and that is very frustrated to live in that kind of life, so a lot of people say that they dont recommend the U.S as a wonderful place to live or work, because is actually a terrible lifestyle living there. A lot of people prefered to leave the country, pack up their stuff and star thinking living in another country or in another continent, like Europe or they just prefered to live in Central America, like in Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica or Panama, or just going straight down to South America. Perhaps, in the 1984s world, the people would like to leave the country, they would like to live in another continent, in another perspective, they would like to just be free. They would like to just do whatever they want without being watched, just doing what they prefered, like personal things. There are other things that this book has, that related to daily life, it appears, prostitute, people killing people, fights, poverty, and slavery. This main thing was like describing some parts of the U.S.A, maybe not the entire country but just some parts that has either one or the entire examples, thats why the americans head leaders didnt like the book, because it was exposing the whole truth, oh how the head leaders takes everything and let people do whatever they want but also being watch. Conclusion In Summary, this book is talking of how the world and more the U.S.A is controlling everything, their people, their moves, what do they do in every single day. That is why the book 1984 is related to it, because has parts that are talking about Big Brother and how he is controlling everything, so the author wants to make the readers to think in their country, if anything from it relates to your country or either everything. The author wants the readers to think for a little while of how the head leaders are doing something in one hand, and something else in another hand. The author also wants the readers to think for a little while as well, in thinking of how the technology can be an advantage for the human being, and disadvantages as well.

Disease Of A Disease Eradication Program - 1579 Words

Disease control, elimination, and eradication are three very closely related terms. Disease control is when a disease attributes for a reduced number of infections due to deliberate human interaction. For disease control to continue, human intervention must continue as well. Elimination is when there is no occurrence of the disease in a specific geographical location because of human intervention. Similar to disease control, human intervention must continue for the geographical location to maintain the elimination of the disease. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, disease eradication is the â€Å"permanent reduction to zero of the worldwide incidence of infection caused by a specific agent as a result of deliberate efforts.† Unlike elimination and control, disease eradication requires no further human intervention once the eradication process is completely successful. Disease eradication requires much more planning, funding, and global support than di sease control and disease elimination. Many developing nations struggle implicating an eradication program because they lack the government stability, funding, and other key factors that play a huge part in the success of a disease eradication program. Due the many factors influencing eradiation, only two diseases have successfully been eradicated: smallpox and rinderpest. Smallpox is a very contagious infectious disease that impacted the lives of people for thousands of years. After decades of eradicationShow MoreRelatedEssay on Vaccination and Eradication of Smallpox1604 Words   |  7 PagesThe Vaccination and Eradication of Smallpox Smallpox, a disease caused by the variola virus, has devastated humanity for many centuries. Because of its high mortality rate, civilizations around the world sought to protect themselves from this disease. 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Research conducted by DeStefano (2002) to assess Wakefield’s claims report â€Å"the postulated link between bowel disease and autism was tenuous, as there was no conï ¬ rmatory laboratory evidence (ie, measles virus was not detected in bowel) and bowel disease did not precede onset of autism in any of the cases† (DeStefano, 2002, p. S51). Another study conducted to evaluate Wakefield’s claim identified and linked all 498 known cases ofRead MoreThe Birth Of Florence Nightingale, A Pioneer Of The Modern Nursing Profession1628 Words   |  7 Pagespromotion and disease prevention. One preventable disease from Nightingale’s time that is still prevalent today is cholera. Cholera is a condition characterized by diarrhea, vomiting, and leg cramps, resulting in severe dehydration or death due to the bacteria, vibro cholerae (Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). 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Collective investment scheme free essay sample

This paper intent to analyze the performance of Islamic equity unit trust funds’ in CIMB Wealth Advisors Berhad by comparing with the FTSE Bursa Malaysia Composite Index (KLCI) as benchmark. This chapter will discuss the background of the study, historical development of unit trust industry in Malaysia, understanding unit trust, problem statement, research objectives and the significance of the study. 1.1BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY A plenty of investments alternative can be seen nowadays. But it’s depends on people which alternative they prefer to invest or depend on their skills of investing in such instruments. Most of the people who are lack in financial knowledge or investing skills will prefer to make investments in unit trust funds. There has abundance of benefits in unit trust and also can be advantageous to the small investors. Unit trust is an ideal way for small investors to invest for their future. Small investors are people who earn their living engaged in activities not related to the financial arena. We will write a custom essay sample on Collective investment scheme or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They are aware that investing is important to them, but they lack of know-how to make the right decisions. For people who are unable or unwilling to do research and analyze investment markets and climate on their own, unit trusts is a good way to invest. In order to maintain a portfolio of stocks in the share market, a person has to keep himself up-to-date with market information and climate. For many people, this is difficult, time consuming and expensive. By investing through unit trust, they transfer the stress of investing to people who are better equipped to look after their investments. These are the professional fund manager. Unit trust can be classified by two classes which are known as a conventional funds and Shariah funds (Islamic law as revealed in the Quran and Sunnah). In Malaysia, majority of the society are Muslims. So, rising in the demands towards the Islamic products in banking systems as well as in various investment alternative vehicles to fulfil the religious requirement  by the Muslim society in Malaysia that represent more than 50% of the total population has prompted Malaysian government to introduce various measures with the aim of boosting the Islamic capital market (ICM). The first Shariah-compliant fund in Malaysia was launched in 1993. Shariah-compliant instruments, particularly Shariah-compliant securities (shares), are the main source of investment for Shariah compliant funds. The development of the Shariah-compliant fund industry was further boost by the classification of Shariah-compliant securities (shares) introduced by the Shariah Advisory Council (SAC) of the Securities Commission Malaysia (SC) in 1997. Though many studies regarding the performances of unit trust funds have been conducted by scholars all over the world yet, the results of most studies in Malaysia are proven inconclusive because the sample sizes used are small, Taib and Isa (2007). Low (2007) uses two different benchmarks to determine the performances of the unit trusts. She uses KLCI Index and EMAS Index as her benchmarks in contrast to Abdullah, Hassan and Mohamad (2007), which only uses the KLCI Index as the benchmark of their study. The sample used by the latter was also small. Only 65 unit trusts funds were used, of which only 14 samples are Islamic unit trust funds. This study will focuses on one of the financial products in the market which is the unit trust investment. It analyzes the performance of the Islamic unit trust fund in CIMB Wealth Advisors Berhad using Treynor (1965) and Sharpe (1966) model. It also will use FTSE Bursa Malaysia Composite Index (KLCI) as the benchmark of the unit trust fund performance. KLCI will proxy as a market return to be comparing with the Islamic equity unit trust funds since KLCI is the benchmark that measures the performance of Malaysian’s economy.

The Shift from Global to International Strategy

Introduction The change taking place in the world in terms of business processes makes firms transform towards universal mindset. This is because of the increase in the need for worldwide business. The demands caused by global operations, global customers, global resources, global products, and global cooperation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Shift from Global to International Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Transnational strategy demands for the reliance of contemporary technologies so as to make a firm integrate their international commerce activities hence, the strategy focuses on standalone and decentralisation systems (Gorindarajan Gupta 2003, p. 123). Thus, a firm changing their strategy from a global to a transitional strategy confronted with some significant challenges. The paper identifies and explains some of the important challenges that a firm may confront when implanting the change from global to transnational strategy. In addition, the essay discusses ways in which the firm may overcome the challenges that arise during the change. Change from global to a transnational strategy Global strategy is regionally decentralised as the strategy geared towards an assortment of transnational and international strategy. The strategy incorporates the use of worldwide standards and common systems. Therefore, change to transnational strategy from global strategy confronted with challenges. Transnational strategy offers enterprises with a chance to connected through Internet and allocate the business systems and worldwide date to be common and integrated. The strategy adopts centralisation and decentralisation systems in promoting specialisation and interdependence of units. Transnational strategy standards and policies are similar in most nations (Marulanda 2010). The advantage of transnational strategy is that it empowers an overseas enterprise unit to transform to a power house of an expert modernisation. Additionally, strong points of international and multi-domestic approaches are pooled and shortcomings are reduced in international approaches. Challenges in implementing the change Achieving international approach is difficult as the approach puts contradictory obligations on companies to amalgamate actions in all their divisions as the company tries to meet local market obligations. Doing away with the challenges enhances worldwide operations.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Challenges comprise of information of institutional and administration structures and transforming business systems which can lead to institutional pressure (Marakas O’Brien 2011, p. 28). Additionally, a firm faces a challenge of decision making as responsibility of decision, making delegated to partner entities and overseas units, while others are retained at headquarters. Besides, a firm changing strategy from a global to a transnational strategy can face infrastructure, economic, political, and cultural challenges. Firms can experience infrastructure challenges in implementing transnational strategies as some developing countries might not have fibre-optic network or data capabilities as superpower nations. Moreover, other infrastructures difficulties such as transportation can hinder the evolution of transnational strategy (Gorindarajan Gupta 2003, p. 169). In addition, economic and political challenges that result from monetary policy, regulation practices, censorship laws, and government involvement can impede the change of strategy (Gelsomino 2011). For example, Google, which is a multinational organisation, withdrew from the Chinese market owing to the Chinese official’s censorship of the Internet in the nation.  Cultural challenges such as differences on values, preferences, beliefs, tastes, and opinions of persons of v aried subsections or nations of the world can pose a challenge to transnational strategy. The strategy geared towards uniformity; therefore, the differences present a challenge in implementation (Marakas O’Brien 2011, p. 57). For example, the demands and likes of American citizens can be different those of the wants of consumers in Australia, Europe, Asia, South America, or Africa. Therefore, it becomes crucial for a company to tailor its products in a manner that is at par with the specific requirements of the customers. Overcoming the challenges The challenges confronted in changing strategy from global to transnational strategy can be overcome by having a superior balance involving decentralisation and centralisation strategies. The centralisation resolutions should be included at both the streams (upward and downward) of the process. Additionally, this is also related to the kind of product or service that the firm deals in. The activities of competitors and the signific ance of overseas process also have an impact. In addition, centralisation should offer efficiency and support varied priorities and needs. It is obvious that as the firm gets more inclined towards offering better customer service, it starts getting away from the centralisation process (Gelsomino 2011).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Shift from Global to International Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, a firm needs to localise and customise their overseas market. The services and products should be flexible to promote customisation of local markets. Moreover, collaboration between overseas units and headquarters needed (Marulanda 2010). To reduce this, rotating employees in their units, encouraging managers to implement, and cultivate a firm’s objectives and cultures. Conclusion In concluding, it is understood that the shift from global to international strategy takes time and is e ncountered by certain qualms, hindrances and challenges. However, the management of a firm needs to inculcate some form of urgency so as to implement the transnational strategy successfully. This can be achieved through the implementation and refining of organisational processes so as to accomplish the preferred results. The firm needs to provide rational and a combination of set of activities like marketing strategies, regulating a firm’s dealings, and amalgamating markets in competitive situations so as to sustain the market. Additionally, a firm has to concentrate on value-adding activities in premeditated locations in the global market, and in exploiting multinational operations, a firm has to coordinate their value-chain activities well (Marakas O’Brien 2011, p. 78). A firm guarantees a better global performance by implementing transnational strategy that is aligned to the internal and external institutional wherewithal and forces. References Gelsomino, J. M. 201 1, Transnational Companies: Keys to a Successful Globalization Strategy, Yahoo Voices. Web. Gorindarajan, V. Gupta, K. 2003, Global Strategy and Organization, John Wiley Sons Publishers, NY. Marakas, M. O’Brien, A. 2011, Management Information Systems, McGraw-Hill, Irwin, MA.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Marulanda, J. 2010, Transnational Operations, Company of the Future. Web. This essay on The Shift from Global to International Strategy was written and submitted by user John Webb to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

London, United Kingdom essays

London, United Kingdom essays LIVING IN MORDERN URBAN ENVIROMENTS IN 2004: I choose to do my report on London as it has two different coultures that are the rich and the poor. It is a mix of both Third and First Worlds, as it has rich people and then many beggars. The city gets a lot of tourist as they have many historic land sites. London is the capital of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. London is the largest cities in the United Kingdom and one of the largest cities in the world. The city has an excellent water source, which is the river Thames that meanders through the centre of London. The river divides London into a north and south halves. Thames River joins to the Strait of Dover. London is close to the mainland of Europe. The coordinate points are 15.30N 0.10W. It is the area of 1,572 sq km. London main functions are the nations government, culture, finance, tourism, trade and history. Londons financial areas are the bank of England, Lyoyds, the stock exchange and numerous other banks and investments companies have their headquarters there, mostly in the city. The financial services sector provides employment. London has a population of 7.2 million. London tends to have an annual net inflow of people from outside of the UK, with almost 30% of Londons population from a minority ethnic group Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Av/Tt Max(C) 6 7 10 13 17 20 22 21 19 14 10 7 13.8 (F) 43 45 50 55 63 68 72 70 66 57 50 45 57 Min(C) 2 2 3 6 8 12 14 13 11 8 5 4 7.3 (F) 36 36 37 43 46 54 57 55 52 46 41 39 45 Mean(C) 4 4.5 6.5 9.5 12.5 16 18 17 15 11 7.5 5.5 10.6 (F) 39 40 44 49 54 61 64 63 59 52 45 42 51 Rain(mm) 77 72 64 56 57 58 59 62 65 70 78 81 799 (in) 3.1 2.9 2.6 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.2 32 London is very unstable and unreliable for weather. The weather forecast is usually incorrect. In winter it reaches temperatures below free...

Barbourofelis - Facts and Figures

Barbourofelis - Facts and Figures Name: Barbourofelis (Greek for Barbours cat); pronounced BAR-bore-oh-FEE-liss Habitat: Plains of North America Historical Epoch: Late Miocene (10-8 million years ago) Size and Weight: Up to six feet long and 250 pounds Diet: Meat Distinguishing Characteristics: Large size; long canine teeth; plantigrade posture About Barbourofelis The most notable of the barbourofelidsa family of prehistoric cats perched midway between the nimravids, or false saber-toothed cats, and the true saber-tooths of the felidae familyBarbourofelis was the only member of its breed to colonize late Miocene North America. This sleek, muscular predator possessed some of the largest canines of any saber-toothed cat, true or false, and it was correspondingly hefty, the largest species weighing in at about the size of a modern lion (though more heavily muscled). Intriguingly, Barbourofelis seems to have walked in a plantigrade fashion (that is, with its feet flat on the ground) rather than in a digitigrade fashion (on its toes), in this respect making it seem more like a bear than a cat! (Oddly enough, one of the contemporary animals that competed with Barbourofelis for prey was Amphicyon, the bear dog). Given its odd gait and enormous canines, how did Barbourofelis hunt? As far as we can tell, its strategy was similar to that of its later, heavier cousin Smilodon, aka the Saber-Toothed Tiger, which lived in Pleistocene North America. Like Smilodon, Barbourofelis whiled away its time in the low branches of trees, pouncing suddenly when a tasty bit of prey (like the prehistoric rhino Teleoceras and the prehistoric elephant Gomphotherium) approached. As it landed, it dug its sabers deep into the hide of its unfortunate victim, which (if it didnt die immediately) gradually bled to death as its assassin stalked close behind. (As with Smilodon, the sabers of Barbourfelis may occasionally have broken off in combat, which would have deadly consequences for both predator and prey.) Although there are four separate species of Barbourofelis, two are better known than the others. The slightly smaller B. loveorum (about 150 pounds) has been discovered as far afield as California, Oklahoma and especially Florida, while B. fricki, discovered in Nebraska and Nevada, was about 100 pounds heavier. One odd thing about B. loveorum, which is especially well represented in the fossil record, is that the juveniles apparently lacked fully functional saber teeth, which may (or may not) imply that newborns received a few years of tender parental care before venturing out alone into the wild. Telling against this parental-care hypothesis, though, is that Barbourofelis had a much smaller brain, relative to its body size, than modern big cats, and so may not have been capable of this kind of sophisticated social behavior.

Human Resource Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Human Resource Management - Case Study Example After an organizational diagnosis; interventions are developed. The diagnosis has to come up with interventions that will not be met by resistance from employees and most be attainable given the resources available in the organization. In addition to the intervention proposed in the case study; I propose that Steinway adopts a strategy to streamline its supply chain to increase its accessibility in the international market. Although the organization operates on an international scale; the diagnosis only proposed that the organization must be inclined politically to meet different governmental and country requirements. Steinway is faced with many competitors in America and could extend its operations by taking advantage of the emerging markets in Asia. Furthermore, supply chain helps to offer better customer service and therefore the organization can position itself to compete effectively with its competitors. A well designed supply chain is critical for organizational effectiveness. Supply chain would help the organization reach out to its suppliers of lumber and the customers. To streamline the supply chain, Steinway need to harmonize and standardize the operations in all its retail outlets in New York, New Jersey, London, Hamburg, Munich and Berlin. Further there should be coordination among these centers to ensure that the company’s products are accessed by the customers according to the demand. According to Richen and Steinhorst (2005), process standardization and harmonization can be achieved by setting a central institution to control business operations. In addition, use of information system can be used to streamline the supply chain thereby ensuring organizational effectiveness. The Steinway can develop a single system where customers can make their orders and the central process coordinating the business will arrange for the delivery of the products. This intervention is based on the hypothesis that a more responsive supply

Critical thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Critical thinking - Essay Example Though, theories and methods are proven or disputed, still due to the critical thinking these conclusions are not final and they are always exposed to comments and criticism. Thanks to critical thinking knowledge is added to all fields allowing for the perpetual evolution of disciplines. Critical thinking and critical approach contribute for the desirable skills that all students aim to - to be able to assess decisively situations. Universities insist on critical thinking because it develops and evolves intelligence and associative thinking. Critical thinking has been interpreted and measured in numberless ways. According to Pascarella and Terenzini (1991) critical thinking "typically involves the individual's ability to do some or all of the following: identify central issues, make correct inferences from data, deduce conclusions from the information or data provided, interpret whether conclusions are warranted on the basis of the data given, and evaluate evidence or authority" (p. 118). They note that the impact of the activated critical thinking is evidenced in postsecondary education. The imperative that students have to concentrate and develop their critical thinking in their postsecondary education identifies the need for scholars to accent on other aspects of thinking while at university. Very often students receive feedbacks on... zing, synthesizing and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generalized by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning or communication, as a guide to belief and action (1)." For them critical thinking is a process and not an end. Paul and Elder (2002) emphasize that there are 9 qualities that transform the language into an optimal use: clarity, precision, depth, accuracy, relevance, significance, logic, breadth and fairness. Usually students who master the critical thinking technique will be able to: Search patterns and underlying rules; Connect ideas to previous knowledge and examine and compare theories and real life experience; Verify and substantiate evidence and relate it to the conclusions; Explore the arguments for and against and ask critical questions and made assumptions; Recognize alternative viewpoints and being able to built counterarguments; Generalizing main concepts and seeking clarifications to build sustainable knowledge; At university level critical thinking is essential for combining discussion with peer-editing activities and to stimulate the collaboration between pupils. An example of encouraging critical thinking at university is establishing "buzz groups" within the class and each groups will discuss a certain aspect of the topic and the other will try to build counter-arguments and critique the conclusions. A research conducted by Johnson et al (1991) shows that "buzz group" discussions following the guidelines of covering main concepts and then critically evaluating if a counter-argument can be built helps students to develop problem-solving skills and to enhance their independent thinking. In "buzz group" discussions learners are able to formulate problems and to be involved in the process of exploratory learning. This is so,

The institution and I Essay Example for Free

The institution and I Essay This is similar to Brett; the protagonist in Scott Monks unconventionally written novel Raw. We first meet Brett at his umpteenth time of committing a crime. On his journey to his latest institution; The Farm, we learn of his negative attitude and surprise of being sent to a federation-styled homestead instead of a concentration camp patrolled by Dobermans and gun-toting guards. His negative attitude to authority is exemplified by constantly referring to the police as pigs and similies like Cops and food go together like pigs and slop. Sam is the symbolic role model who initiates Bretts reform, he offers his hand for a handshake, but Brett declines the offer. This symbolises his reluctance to change from his former self and habits. Scott Monk has deliberately put this theme of binary opposites in  the novel, to show how different the experiences are on individuals on different sides of the rules. When Brett first meets the other criminals occupying The Farm he is shown two different paths he can follow while there; he can follow the rules and rely on the institution for support and be like Josh. The other option is to have a blatant disregard and disrespect for the rules; and turn to violence as the answer to everything and be like Tyson. Brett is always at crossroads and does not show any change until the end of the novel, where he is put in a position where he must choose what path he wants to lead in life. The Farm does not use solitary confinement or violence as a form of punishment towards the boys, instead they are enforced upon the individual i.e. When Brett drink drives and crashes the Ute, he is punished by doing chores such as †¦pulling out weeds†¦ and †¦scrubbing the rust off oil drums†¦. Brett does not prefer to do such chores because he knows he is already being sent back to Sydney for breaking the law. Another way is by punishing the whole group for an individuals action, this leads to the individual harassment and negative victimisation towards this individual i.e. Brett tries to escape and is victimised by Tyson and his group who shave the hair off his head for the fear of losing privileges. The symbolic affects of before and after The Farm is represented by Rebecca and Caitlyn. The significance of Rebecca proves that Brett is only semi-rehabilitated; Rebecca symbolises Bretts continuing path to crime. Caitlyns personalities of being conservative and conformist replicate the path that Bretts life will lead to if he abides to the rules while staying at The Farm. It is because of Rebecca that he is sent away and Sam tells him only you can change ur life. This is the main theme to the whole novel, and has been put in deliberately by Scott Monk. He does this because he knows that his book is aimed at young teenagers and he knows that it will attract the attention of a lot of young teenagers because of its contents; rebelling amongst the  whole world because †¦it hates you†¦, fights, sex and run-ins with the law. Dissimilar to Raw, Shawshank Redemption a film directed by Frank Darabont, is set on themes focusing on the negative effects on the individual while in prison. Shawshank focuses mainly on physical abuse and punishment, this is seen in the fourth scene when Warden Norton is laying out the rules; †¦no blasphemy but verbal and physical abuse is condoned. Shawshank is different to Raw because it can be seen that, the guards physically abuse the inmates. Also; the plot of Raw is that the change is within the individual, but in Shawshank, the plot is to keep the criminals inside the dull grey walls away from the emerging and colourful society; There is only 3 ways to spend money on prisons: more walls, more bars, more guards. This piece of dialogue is ironic because the warden himself is in charge of a money laundering scheme throughout the prison, this is only possible with the help of the smart Andy Dufresne (Tim Robbins). This operation leads Andy to find sarcasm in saying that On the outside I was an honest man, straight as an arrow, I had to come to prison to be a crook. This is an individual effect that Andy has had because of the institution; he has become a criminal. There is a belief that if an inmate has been in a prison for too long they rely upon the institution and become institutionalised i.e. Brooks; he served his 50 year sentence and throughout that time he is the prison librarian; †¦outside he is nothing. Upon leaving the prison he is given a place to stay and a job at Food Way. He doesnt like how the world has changed so fast and all he wants to really do is †¦get a gun and rob the Food Way so they would send me home. _Home_, he refers to the prison as home, by being away from a growing society, the institution has left him with a negative effect of being confused and not knowing anything about the outside world, but relying on the support of the institution. Brooks was rendered so incapable of independent thought and human operation in the world that he committed suicide. This portrays how Shawshank has become the opposite of rehabilitation and shuns out the beliefs of hope and ever getting out of the high; stone walls. Just like it did to Red, when Andy tries to explain how he can never become institutionalised, Red replies  with: Hope is a dangerous thing. It can drive a man insane. This explains how in Shawshank, redemption is a hard thing to find. Redemption is the improving of something, but if inmates are _hoping_ to _improve_, will they find redemption? Richard Nevilles article Come on, kids dare to resist published by The Sydney Morning Herald on the 3rd of May 2004. Outlines how the selfish gen Xers are more afraid of losing their credit cards than losing the planet. A gen Xer is a person born on Earth anytime between 1965 and 1980. Richard Neville is a man who doesnt want technology to rule our worlds, he is a hero to some and an enemy to others, his views are more futuristic, he is very concerned to where the future is headed and how we will get there. He himself is portrayed as the institution here, it is his views that make a lasting impact on people, the reason he is well known for his publicity. When commenting on a recent protest about young university students wanting lower fees he says this; The students have a point about the fees, but why cant they get upset about other peoples problems? He is referring to the war in Iraq. He wants the young students to look to the positive side and see that they have the education that they are taking for granted; the education a person their age in Iraq is deprived of even if they can afford it. These youngsters in Australia do not understand how lucky they are to be friends with America and not enemies like Iraq. His political based comments do not stop there; As for the future leaders of Australia, the strapping young professionals, the entrepreneurs, the trainee philosophers, where are they? Locked up with mortgage brokers, every one. See how he predicts a positive effect and job prospects towards _all_ future leaders of Australia and by saying that they are Locked up with mortgage brokers, every one. He is emphasising that they are experiencing a negative effect from their institutions and are becoming institutionalised by not being able to reach for that final goal; they can see it, but they cant have it. This is just like Brett in Raw he wanted to be like Josh, but couldnt because he could never leave his old habits behind him. This can also be related to Andy in Shawshank Redemption, he could see himself  outside the prison in New Mexico, but he was restricted by the greed and abuse of human rights. So he chose to break out and reach his goal, even if it was giving the institution a r eason to finally keep him there. Now readers the task is upon you to judge from what you have read here, go read Raw and go watch Shawshank Redemption, I have only expressed to you my opinion of these two excellent texts and their analysation of different institutions and their effects. It is now your turn to experience the self-discovery of how you lead your life and how the institutions around you lead their occupants lives. It is also an incredulous opportunity that todays HSC students are able to study this subject more thoroughly. It is because of this elective in year 12 English classes that the young adults of tomorrow can see where their futures may be heading and know now that there is always time for reform and change in their habits. Studying such socially active topics at school will prove useful in their future lives, as it will help them understand how they should deal with problems they face from institutions that they may come across in their life. Might I also add to keep a watch on Richard Neville, he has some intriguing predictions about the future on his website: http://www.richardneville.com.au

Personal Hygiene: Preventing Infections and Diseases Essay -- clean and

In today’s culture, poor personal hygiene is typically unacceptable and frowned upon. People don’t want to be around anyone who smells badly or isn’t clean. Consequences from poor personal hygiene can develop into potentially serious diseases such as hepatitis A, streptococcus, staph infections, common colds, influenza, typhoid, lice and even dental diseases, including, gingivitis, gum disease, plaque, and bad breath. These are all far too common within our workplaces, schools, and day to day life, but I can easily prevented them by maintaining good personal hygiene, which involves washing my hands, brushing my teeth, bathing, personal grooming, and doing my laundry properly. The key to preventing most of these infections and diseases is properly washing my hands and knowing when to wash them. I can’t see germs with my naked eye, so I wash them when they are dirty, before, during, and after food preparation, before I eat, after using the restroom, touching soiled clothing, animals, animal waste, the trash, or sneezing, coughing, and blowing my nose, and before and after treating wounds and sick people. There is more to washing my hands than soap and water. I must scrub all surfaces of my hand, including my wrist, the back of my hand, between my fingers, and under my fingernails for at least twenty seconds. The combination of scrubbing and an antibacterial soap helps to remove germs. Then I rinse my hands in warm water, drying them well with a clean hand towel, paper towel, or air dryer. If soap is unavailable, I use an alcohol based hand sanitizer. Another factor in the prevention of poor personal hygiene is addressing the prevention of dental diseases and infections. I brush my teeth at least twice a day in a vertical or circ... ...rive in our dirty laundry baskets or hampers. I always use a different basket for my clean laundry. I separate my clothing into three piles, colored, whites, and towels, to wash separately. Washing my colored clothes and towels in cold water and my whites in hot water, I follow the directions on my detergent bottle to ensure the correct amount is used per load. I also use a cup of bleach in my white clothes. When my laundry is done, I dry, fold, and put my clothes away so they stay clean for the next time I decide to wear them. It is essential to maintain good personal hygiene to prevent the spreading of germs and bacteria and to maintain a clean lifestyle and appearance. With the always increasing populations and crowded cities, our members of culture should make sure to take a few spare minutes out of their busy days to take better care of their personal hygiene.

B&Q Case Study

Contents Executive Summary3 1. TASK ONE4 1. 1 Introduction4 1. 2 Possession and practice4 3. 3 B&Q case5 3. TASK TWO8 3. 1 Introduction8 3. 2 Time distance9 3. 3 Technological distance10 3. 4 Social distance10 3. 5 Cultural distance11 4. Bibliography13 Executive Summary In a modernized and globalized world, knowledge creation and synergization of knowledge in an organization is truly crucial.As data and information are readily available, and information communication technology (ICT) has highly advanced, organizations such as B&Q need to understand how knowledge creation can assist to improve internal and external processes and also encourage innovation. In task one, the aim is to differentiate between possession of knowledge and practice of knowledge and examine which epistemology B&Q uses throughout their supply chain. B&Q uses possession knowledge whereby it provides all their vendors with a code of conduct guidelines which they need to follow through.However, in the face of risk and uncertainty in an economic crisis, B&Q should adopt practice of knowledge and enabling people to do differently and better. In task two, the statement by Stoneman (2010) means that trust and power are the main factors that drive product, process and organizational innovation. For B&Q, due to their power as the distributor, they are able to develop and lay down the process and procedures that all their vendors need to adhere to. However, in an economic crisis, its regimental practice may ot work as uncertainty disrupts the flow of the procedures. 1. TASK ONE 1. 1 Introduction The studies on knowledge and its characteristics have long been explored and discussed in the business and supply chain world. With the emergent of technology and innovation, the possession and practice of knowledge has become more essential in this â€Å"knowledge society† (Nonaka, 1994; Bell, 1973; Drucker, 1968; Toffler, 1990). But what is knowledge and how does an organization activate and generat e knowledge?Knowledge is defined as â€Å"awareness, consciousness, or familiarity gained by experience or learning† (knowledge, n. d) which are the ways people in a social situations would understand and make sense of where they are and what they are doing. When knowledge is conducted and embraced in an organization, it will result to a group of people who develop shared beliefs, behaviours and routines that shape organization capabilities. Experts such as Polanyi (1966), Nonaka (1994) and Cook and Brown (1999) divide knowledge into two categories called tacit knowledge and explicit knowledge.Tacit knowledge is associated with the skills or know-how that people developed through their own experience in specific contexts. Whereas explicit knowledge is something that has been codified, written down or spelled out and is communicable across context. 1. 2 Possession and practice From the word possession itself, one can understand that it is about the knowledge that people have i n their mind (Cook and Brown, 1999). Blackler (1995), and Cook and Brown (1999) refer possesion of knowledge as â€Å"knowledge† and practice of knowledge as â€Å"knowing†.Knowledge is a mental or cognitive capacity which is hierarchical in nature and comprises of data, information etc. moreover, possession of knowledge is a personal property where people render meaning from subjective experiences, perceptions and previous understanding. As human minds are individually unique, hence different people may perceive and intepret the same information or data differently. Meanwhile, practice of knowledge sees knowledge as something that it developed through social interaction such as project work, group assignment or group discussion.When people practice knowledge, they convert tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge, thus transferring knowledge from one person to another. This is done through sharing stories, experiences or creating norms to a group of people hence enablin g the experience of an individual to be related to a wider community. 3. 3 B&Q case B&Q plc works with many vendors such as Kingfisher Asia (KAL) who supply products to B&Q. Hence to manage their vendors and ensure processes and procedures are followed, B&Q come up with code of conduct (B&Q Operational Standards for Supply Chains) for all their vendors.The code of conduct is based on the international labour and envirnmental standards set by the International Labour Organisation (ILO) Conventions which factories and worksites of all vendors throughout the world need to comply to. In summary, vendors need to let B&Q have full visibility of the enitre supply chain and fulfill and obey the code of conduct criteria at all facilities. Any failure to meet the nine Critical Failure Points (CFPs) will result in B&Q not buying or purchasing their products.Through this code of conduct, we can deduce that B&Q adopts a possession of knowledge rather than practice of knowledge. B&Q receives know ledge about labour and environmental guidelines from ILO conventions and uses the basic context to write down or capture in an information technology (IT) system which is then made available as an organizational resource – B&Q Operational Standards for Supply Chains. This is in contrast of having a group discussion with the vendors and seeking their opinions and views on how to create a better working environment for the workers (practice of knowledge).For example, Baer (1987) and Abbott (1988) explained that in order to defend their position, occupational groups such as doctors would write down or ‘black box’ their skills and knowledge which is then used by others as guidelines or instructions to follow. B&Q is following the same concept as they wish to guard their position as a responsible organization or employer where the rights of all workers throughout the world are respected and protected. Thus, this results to an encoded knowledge (Blackler, 1995) for the vendors as information is transmited through the code of conduct.Unlike an individual or specialist ‘black box’, the construction of the code of conduct requires the involvement of a group of people. This method of knowledge creation follows Nonaka’s SECI framework where it is a spiralling process of interaction between tacit and explicit knowledge (Nonaka,1994; Nonaka & Toyama, 2003). The SECI framework consists of four knowledge conversion processes; Socialization, Externalization, Combination and Internalization; which can be seen in Figure 1. The breakdown for B&Q case is as follow: 1.Socialization – The ILO standards which was made known to the B&Q management assist them to create their own knowledge or set of standards which vendors are to adhere. 2. Externalization – B&Q management then decides to have their on set of guidelines in accordance to ILO standards and form a group to write down the code of conduct. 3. Combination – We beli eved that during the process of writing down the code of conduct, B&Q managerial level will each provide inputs and opinions based on the organization’s mission and values on what and how to write down.Once drafted, the Head of Human Resource Department will read it through and request for any necessary adjustments. Once finalized, the Chairman or Head of B&Q will give the approval to codified and disseminate the code of conduct to all the vendors. 4. Internalization – Vendors will then read the instructions and ensure all CFPs are met. For any areas which fail to comply, site management of the vendors will then follow the guidelines to make changes and improvements. Figure 1: SECI model of knowledge creation Source: Nonaka & Toyama (2003)However, Nonaka SECI framework downplays the difference of interest, power and political dynamics which people and organizations face everyday. Thus, during an economic crisis, B&Q may approach innovation differently due to the uncert ainty and adversity faced in a crisis. According to Tsoukas (1996) and Schauer (1991), even though organizations can make assumptions and obtain knowledge from previous economic crisis where similar conditions are seen, the formulate strategy may not work perfectly according to what the organizations believed as there are still uncertainty.Meaning to say, a strategy used in a crisis five years ago may not generate the same result due to the difference in technology, people’s mindset and other relating conditions. B&Q need to adopt practice of knowledge during a crisis as information may not be readily available since people and other organizations are wary and may not disclose essential information in order to survive the crisis. With competition between rival organizations getting tougher, B&Q needs to learn, practice and embodied skills and knowledge which increases their chance of survival (Barnett & Burgelman, 1996).As mentioned by Hitt et al (2007), a multilevel research approach to encourage employees to have better understanding of the strategy implemented by B&Q management. Hence, B&Q through providing an enabling context, B&Q allow its employees to do things differently and better. For example, when selecting their vendors, B&Q can not just rely on which vendor is able to adhere to its code of conduct. B&Q also need to look into the pricing, capability and other characteristic of the particular vendor.B&Q vendor management team need to have further dicussion with sales, procurement and operations team to gain their opinions and views on which vendors to select. With the current vendors, B&Q need to adopt open communication and discuss with them on how the crisis is affecting their perfomance and compliance towards the code of conduct. Another example is due to the crisis, a vendor had to lay off several staff and workers due reducing their headcount. Hence in order to meet B&Q rders, the vendor’s workers may need to work extra hours whic h is over the local law. Through discussion, B&Q may allow the vendor to carry out the new process until the economy stablize and the vendor is able to employ more workers. 3. TASK TWO 3. 1 Introduction Stoneman (2010) mentioned that â€Å"product, process and organizational innovation are socially and politically mediated processes†. This means that through social relationship and even political standing in an organization; product, process and organizational innovation are being conceptualized.Jackson (2001) noted that the real-world issues and situations do not match up to traditional disciplinary boundaries due to the inequality in the capitalist world. Therefore, trust and power play an essential role in the development of knowledge and innovation. Internally at B&Q, their managers may see themselves as the authority towards process and organizational innovation. For example, a manager has the power to decide on how his department should be run in order to meet the depar tment and organization goals.And through his relationship and interaction with the staffs, he may perceive a staff as capable if able to follow the process and excel in it. Hence, to gain trust and acknowledgement, employees compete and motivate each other to do better at what they do and also provide suggestions to the manager on improving certain situations or issues. As highlighted by Hardy and Dougherty (1997), depending on the organization’s culture and its board of management, resource power and process power can either work against or aligned with innovation.However, without meaning and a direction to support the need for innovation, people will notbe motivated to innovate. For example, the warehousing staffs at B&Q may face difficulties in picking the correct product. Thus, with its power, the warehouse manager can arrange a group discussion with the warehousing team leaders and their IT department to create a new process whereby the product are bar-coded and connecte d to a system which will provide the product information when it is scanned.Externally, when working with their supply chain members such as customers and suppliers, B&Q managers can use either its power or trust to ensure compliance are met by the suppliers and customers continue to purchase from B&Q. For example, the board of management has the authority to continue or discontinue the services of a vendor depending on its compliance and performance. However, during an economic crisis where risk and uncertainty are faced, B&Q managers may react to similar situation or innovation differently.B&Q decisions on innovation, processes and products are affected by four types of distance – time, technological, social and cultural. 3. 2 Time distance Due to the changes in time, environment and conditions, certain processes or procedures that B&Q managers created may not be applicable in an economic crisis. Moreover, the decisions B&Q managers made in a previous crisis are also not ap plicable even though the conditions are similar because there is still uncertainty whether the outcome would be the same.The finance department will be more guarded on the expenses and budget thus setting a more thorough process of other departments to ensure waste are minimized and costs are low. In a study done by Hardy and Dougherty (1997), innovators or managers in an anti-innovation environment would solve their problems through methods and ways which hamper innovation whereas in a pro-innovation environment, innovators are able to incorporate the organization’s resources, processes and meaning to develop an more suitable and effective product.Thus, in relation to the crisis, B&Q managers may tackle a deparment issue by pushing away the problematic function and work its way around it. 3. 3 Technological distance As ICT becomes highly advanced, B&Q need to be selective of the information and tacit knowledge that is available widely. This is because not all tacit knowledge is applicable to B&Q’s strategy and that an overflow of information will result to overloading and poor decision making. Through market and technology knowledge, innovators are able to examine problems, communicate and collaboratively develop new products for the organization (Dougherty et al, 2000).However, in an economic crisis, technology knowledge that is necessary for innovation may not be readily available or cost effective to the organization. Faced with uncertainty, B&Q board of management may decide to take on a survival mode concept and develop process such as budget control to restrict unnecessary cost and waste. Thus, if an innovator in B&Q requires a certain technology to assist in its development of new product, he need to go through many levels of strict procedures in order to attain approval. 3. 4 Social distanceDuring an economic crisis, organizations face many problems and situations as they try their hardest to survive and go through the crisis without a m ajor disruption or impact. Due to the uncertainty and risk, managers need to respond quickly and effectively. Even in a crisis, Jackson (2006) noted that managers need to ensure their processes are efficient and effective, staffs are motivated and knowledge is created and enhanced. This is to ensure that the organization is constantly better than their rivals thus surviving the crisis.While ICT and innovation should still move on in a crisis; being a regimental organization; B&Q managers follow routine and have the power to make innovation unlawful through rewarding short-term results, punishing mistakes and even not rendering the support needed for innovation (Hardy & Dougherty, 1997). Not only does this kills innovation in B&Q, the staff would also be less motivate to innovate as they unable to relate a specific project with B&Q’s strategy (Van de Ven and Polley, 1992; Hardy and Dougherty, 1997; Dougherty & Heller, 1994).Hence, B&Q board of management need to re-evaluate it s organization strategy and procedures if it wishes to maintain in the industry. Jackson (2006) suggest organizations to adopt creative holism which is a set of guidelines that are multi-paradigm, multi-methodology and multi-method in nature. Through holism, organizatons look at the situation at a macro and organizational level, thus assuring that the departments are connected and performing together as a whole.Dougherty et al (2000) explained that since organizational knowledge and learning involves many different processes, a focal point or objevtive is essential to ensure one is taking the right path. Pelz and Andrews (1966) recognized that the efforts to combine and link market and technology knowledge across and throughout the organization is often met and filled with tensions. Thus, B&Q need to incorporate these two factor and be less rigid if it wishes to produce and gain new ideas, products and processes (Weick and Westley, 1996). 3. 5 Cultural distanceKingfisher plc, the pa rent company of B&Q, is a United Kingdom (UK) based retailer that offers do-it-yourself (DIY), home decorations and home improvement products to their 6 million customers (Kingfisher, 2012). To meet their international market and demand, Kingfisher plc has overseas sourcing offices in India and Poland that act as a supplier to B&Q. To ensure these strategies and structure is maintain in other country, Kingfisher plc has to train its overseas employees, make them understand and cultivate the Kingfisher plc working culture.However, this will be a tough challenge for example, in India due to the poor education and different socio-culture. Thus, Kingfisher plc needs to accommodate its Western working culture with India working culture, but without losing its main mission and strategy. To ensure this is executed properly, Kingfisher plc needs to obtain a specialist in the Indian market and culture. An economic crisis affects countries differently, depending on where the crisis originates .However, due to globalization, a crisis in the European Union (EU) nations will have a ripple effect, thus affecting neighbouring countries and countries that depend on the EU economy and market. Likewise, if an economic crisis hits India where one of B&Q suppliers is located at, B&Q need to gather information and data from news reports and the India supplier’s representative, and analyse the data before making a decision on how to overcome the crisis and what B&Q should do to ensure that the crisis in India do not disrupt the entire supply chain.To ensure accurate and timely information and knowledge is recevied, Swan and Scarbrough (2005) suggest organizations to adopt a networked innovation process where the innovation procedures is collaborated in the network arrangements within and between organizations (Alter & Hage, 1993; Owen-Smith & Powell, 2004; Powell et al, 1996). B&Q needs to view networks as a means of communication where knowledge and information are dissemina ted (Swan & Scarbrough, 2005) and thus, adopting a open sharing concept where individuals and groups are allow to interact and exchange knowledge and information. 4. Bibliography Abbott, A. 1988). The system of professions: An essay on the division of expert labour. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Alter, C. , & Hage, J. (1993). Organizations working together. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Baer, W. (1987). Expertise and professional standards. Work and Occupations, 13, 532-522. Barnett, W. P. , & Burgelman, R. A. (1996). Evolutionary Perspectives on Strategy. Strategic management journal, 17, 5-19. Bell, D. (1973). The Coming of Post-industrial Society: A Venture Social Forecasting. New York: Basic Books. Blackler, F. (1995). Knowledge, knowledge work and organizations: An overview and interpretation.Organization studies, 16(6), 1021-1046. Cook, S. D. , & Brown, J. S. (1999). Bridging Epistemologies: The Generative Dance Between Organizational Knowledge and Organizational Knowing. Or ganization Science, 10(4), 381-400. Dougherty, D. , & Heller, T. (1994). The illegitimacy of successful new products in large firms. Organization Science, 5, 200-218. Dougherty, D. , Borrelli, L. , Munir, K. , & O’Sullivan, A. (2000). Systems of organizational sensemaking for sustained product innovation. Journal of engineering and technology management, 17, 321-355. Drucker, P. (1968). The Age of Discontinuity: Guidelines to Our Changing Society.New York: Harper & Row. Hardy, C. , & Dougherty, D. (1997). Powering Product Innovation. European Management ]ournal, 15(1), 16-27. Hitt, M. A. , Beamish, P. W. , Jackson, S. E. , & Mathieu, J. E. (2007). Building Theoretical and Empirical Bridges Across Levels: Multilevel Research in Management. Academy of Management Journal, 50(6), 1385-1399. Jackson, M. C. (2001). Critical systems thinking and practice. European Journal of Operational Research, 128, 233-244. Jackson, M. C. (2006). Creative Holism: A Critical Systems Approach to Co mplex Problem Situations. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 23, 647-657.Kingfisher. (2012). About us. Retrieved from Kingfisher plc web site: http://www. kingfisher. com/index. asp? pageid=176 knowledge. (n. d). Collins English Dictionary – Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition. Harper Collins Publishers. Retrieved November 25, 2012, from Dictionary. com: http://dictionary. reference. com/browse/knowledge Nonaka, I. (1994, February). A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation. Organization Science, 5(1), 14-37. Nonaka, I. , & Toyama, R. (2003). The knowledge-creating theory revisited: knowledge creation as a synthesizing process. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 1, 2-10.Owen-Smith, J. , & Powell, W. W. (2004). Knowledge networks as channels and conduits: The effects of spillovers in the Boston biotechnology community. Organization Science, 15(1), 5-22. Pelz, D. , & Andrews, F. (1966). Scientists in Organizations. New York: Wiley. plc, K. (2012). About us. Retrieved from Kingfisher plc web site: http://www. kingfisher. com/index. asp? pageid=176 Polanyi, M. (1966). The Tacit Dimension. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. Powell, W. , Koput, K. , & Smith-Doerr, L. (1996). Interorganizational collaboration and the locus of innovation: Networks of learning in biotechnology.Administrative Science Quarterly, 41, 116-145. Schauer, F. (1991). Playing by the rules. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Swan, J. , & Scarbrough, H. (2005). The politics of networked innovation. Human Relations, 58(7), 913–943. Toffler, A. (1990). Powershift: Knowledge, Wealth and Violence at the Edge of 2lst Century. New York: Bantam Books. Tsoukas, H. (1996). The firm as a distributed knowledge system: A constructionist approach. Strategic management journal, 17, 11-25. Van de Ven, A. , & Polley, D. (1992). Learning while innovating. Organization Science, 3, 92-116. Weick, K. ,

Who are you

Who are you? Kind, loyal, inspiring, different, loving in my own way, charismatic, fierce, ambitious, family oriented, responsible, reliable, thoughtful, outspoken, love to learn, forgiving, accommodating. ; What do you believe? DO WHAT IS RIGHT! , respect others both humans and animals alike, put family first over all things, personal integrity, taking time off, been honest and fair, trust others, be compassionate towards others, always do my best and commit to excellence in everything I do, to be courageous and stand up for what I believe. ; How do you relate to people? Homeopathic, good listener, kind, good attitude, Why do you believe these things? Because of my diverse background, my personal values and believes allow me to distinguish between right or wrong on most situations. My family and the schools I attended throughout my upbringing helped shaped and influenced who I am today, my morality and personal integrity. Define the purpose for your personal code of ethics. Purpose of personal code of ethics (for example, direct behavior or set goals) ; My personal code of ethics will be he guidelines set forth to help me decide what Is right from wrong.I will honor this code of ethics In order to continue to grow both personally and professionally. I understand that in the future ethical decisions will be more complex and these guidelines may no longer apply; I will update and make changes to my code of ethics accordingly. ; To be respectful To be responsible ; Develop the â€Å"I will† section of your personal code of ethics. ; I will always be honest and forthcoming In everything I do. ; Why: Because If I am not sincere and airtight with others, I should not expect others to behave the same way towards me.

Incomplete Thought Writing Mistakes

Incomplete Thought Writing Mistakes Incomplete Thought Writing Mistakes Incomplete Thought Writing Mistakes By Mark Nichol Writers sometimes sabotage their efforts to express themselves by leaving key information out of a sentence, resulting in confusing statements. Each of the following examples suffers from obfuscation due to one of more missing words. Discussion after each sentence explains the problem, and a revision provides a solution. 1. It has been called one of, if not the best film Smith has directed. This type of error, frequently committed by professional and amateur writers alike, is the result of an attempt to create a parenthetical parallel, one that fails because the sentence lacks all the necessary elements. In most attempts of this type, an additional comma would follow film, to set off the parenthetical, but the sentence is syntactically invalid when the supposedly expendable parenthetical is omitted; the result is â€Å"It has been called one of Smith has directed.† The flaw here and in similar erroneous constructions is that the key phrase must be repeated, appearing in both the main clause and the parenthetical: â€Å"It has been called one of the best films, if not the best film, Smith has directed.† (Remove the parenthetical, and the main clause is syntactically sound: â€Å"It has been called one of the best films Smith has directed.†) 2. Lenders should proactively assess their ability and success in providing capital to minorities and their communities. The mistake here is the writer’s assumption that ability and success are parallel, but each word is merely the basis of corresponding phrases that must be extended and located appropriately: However, not only do they require distinct prepositions, but providing is the correct inflection of the verb only in reference to success, so the sentence must be further revised for it to make grammatical sense: â€Å"Lenders should proactively assess their ability to provide, and success in providing, capital to minorities and their communities.† (To avoid the parenthetical phrase, revise as shown here: â€Å"Lenders should proactively assess their ability to provide capital to minorities and their communities and their success in doing so.†) 3. The product’s naturally occurring electrolytes are significantly higher than other brands. Other brands are erroneously compared with electrolytes; the comparison should be between the electrolytes in one product and the electrolytes in other brands, so either electrolytes or a pronoun representing it, plus the preposition in, must be inserted into the sentence: â€Å"The product’s naturally occurring electrolytes are significantly higher than those in other brands.† 4. Financial institutions are no longer required to implement the rule and retain the option of including mandatory arbitration clauses in their contracts. This sentence does not intend to express that two requirements for financial institutions have been lifted; the intention is to state that one requirement has been lifted, while an option has been retained. To indicate that these are separate points, the sentence should be structured to consist of two independent clauses separated by punctuation and a conjunction: â€Å"Financial institutions are no longer required to implement the rule, and they retain the option of including mandatory arbitration clauses in their contracts.† 5. Most categories show decreased totals compared to our results from last year. The equivalents here are not totals in most categories and results from last year; they are totals in most categories this year and totals in most categories last year. That equivalence is expressed simply by inserting the pronoun those and the preposition in before the phrase describing the comparison: â€Å"Most categories show decreased totals compared to those in our results last year.† 6. Machines are so much better at analyzing large volumes of data than people. The implication is that machines perform analysis of large volumes of data better than they perform analysis of people, but the point is that machines outperform people in analyzing large volumes of data; to clarify the correspondence between machines and people, simply tack a verb onto the end of the sentence: â€Å"Machines are so much better at analyzing large volumes of data than people are.† 7. Contracting teams may also want to identify contracts just below that threshold but that would be profitable if renegotiated at higher rates. â€Å"That is† or â€Å"that are† (or that followed by another â€Å"to-be† verb form), like that itself, are sometimes optional in a sentence, but if one of two corresponding phrases is preceded by such a phrase, the other must be as well: â€Å"Contracting teams may also want to identify contracts that are just below that threshold but that would be profitable if renegotiated at higher rates.† Alternatively, the sentence may be revised to convey correspondence with other wording: â€Å"Contracting teams may also want to identify contracts just below that threshold but potentially profitable if renegotiated at higher rates.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Useful Stock Phrases for Your Business EmailsDifference between "Pressing" and "Ironing"Sit vs. Set

4 Tips to Ensure Your Job Application Doesnt Get Tossed

4 Tips to Ensure Your Job Application Doesnt Get Tossed Job Application Essays Many job applications require that you answer an extensive set of essay questions, even before you get an interview. These questions might transport you back to the days of college essay applications – days you may have thought were safely behind you. Are you faced with a list of questions to answer on a job application? Read the following carefully: The absolute most important thing you can do – in fact you MUST do – on that application is to answer the questions. When I say â€Å"answer the questions,† I don’t mean write something in the box provided. I mean answer the questions. Tip #1: Answer Whats Being Asked Seems simple enough, right? But many of the job applications I review make a cardinal error. Sure, there’s an answer in the box provided, but it’s an answer to some other question than the one the company has asked. For instance, one company asked the candidate to speak of a measure an employer had set and to report how he had compared to that measure. The candidate wrote about the measure and then reported how he had measured up to other people in the company instead of to the standard itself. Red flag goes up – it sounds like this candidate is hiding something. And he was. I coached him to tell the truth, and we found a way to state it so that it still sounded impressive! Tip #2: Follow the Instructions I once gave a talk to a group of students applying to law school. I asked them, â€Å"If a school requested a 500-word essay, would you submit a 511-word essay?† One of the potential law school applicants said that he would have no problem doing so. Guess what? The admissions committee would be justified in choosing not to read a single one of those 511 words. If you were an admissions officer, would you want someone in your law school who could not follow instructions? Tip #3: Dont Go On †¦ and On †¦ and On †¦ Another common tendency is to provide more information than the company has requested. This tendency can get you into trouble. For instance, a newspaper asked how the candidate had become interested in the field of journalism. The candidate drafted almost an entire paragraph about why she did not want to be a lawyer even though she had attended law school. She had read into the question something that simply was not there. I made sure she wrote a great story about her path to journalism, instead of an apology about why she did not do something else. Tip #4: Get a Second Opinion It’s more difficult than you might think to answer questions and to answer them accurately and well. If you are working on a set of essay questions for a job or college application, get a second pair of eyes to make sure your answers have addressed the questions asked – no more and no less. Don’t shoot yourself in the foot! If you truly answer the questions, you will position yourself to possibly get an interview – where you will get to answer yet more questions, and maybe have a chance to elaborate on the things you were so smart to leave out of your essays. If youd like The Essay Expert to be your second pair of eyes, wed be happy to help you with your application essay. Click here to contact us for more information.

Investment goals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Investment goals - Essay Example Our goals were similar in that we wanted to save the time value of money. Investing in property was likely to yield more profit than getting the interest on our money stored in banks even if we chose to use our savings accounts. All of my long term goals reflect all the stages of the financial life cycle. The financial life cycle primarily consists of three stages; asset accumulation, conservation and protection, and distribution and gifting (â€Å"Stages of the Financial†). For example, I ultimately want to have my own house, and want to save money for the education of my children. These goals coincide with the asset accumulation stage of the financial life cycle. Likewise, I want to maintain such assets through which I can generate my desired income when I am retired. This is achieved in the conservation and protection stage of the financial life cycle. In the same way, I want to have my property distributed among my children as per my wish when I am dead. This is accomplish ed in the distribution and gifting stage of the financial life

Movie Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Movie Critique - Essay Example Through the relationship between these two men, the viewer is able to see many psychological factors at work which help to make this work environment so unbearable. It is also possible to see that Bill Lumbergh’s style of leadership is responsible for the majority of these problems and, therefore, he should be blamed for the eventual destruction of the company. A force that allows for employers to have a psychological advantage over their employees is job security. There have been massive layoffs lately and those who were lucky enough to keep their jobs must work hard to ensure that they are just as lucky when the next cuts are made. This gives the employers all of the power, as they can work the employees harder, without any backlash because there are so few jobs in many sectors. The employers know that if an employee does not perform up to expectations, then someone else will be readily available to take his or her place. The employees also know this so they must work hard to keep their jobs. In Office Space, Lumbergh utilizes this as a method of employee motivation, as many of the characters are terrified of losing their jobs. He also uses this threat to get certain members of the company to work on weekends, as they must do so in order to keep their jobs. This movie shows a negative form of employee motivation, as employees do not resp ond will to threats like this, as can be seen in this film. A manner of employee motivation that would work better would be incentives for working overtime and working harder than everyone else. If Lumbergh would offer employees like Peter bonuses for doing extra work, he would be able to get more out of them on a regular basis and would keep them more motivated. Happy workers are much easier to deal with and Lumbergh does not do an adequate job of keeping his employees happy. Longer hours and averted overtime pay would completely ruin employee moral and

Tourism Marketing Information and London's Image Management Dissertation

Tourism Marketing Information and London's Image Management - Dissertation Example The paper is also going to look at how London as the selected tourist destination has been managed to maintain and improve its image all over the world. This study has been developed on the basis of previous researches conducted on the role played by marketing information and management on the image destination. It was realized that tourist information sources and proper destination management play a significant role when it comes to destination image. This empirical research was carried out to examine the relationship proposed by the paper. The findings show that there exists a positive relationship between marketing information and proper management with destination image. The marketing information is related to London’s accessibility, its culture, its operating intermediaries, its people and its weather. The management of a tourist’s destination as well as the marketing information has to take into consideration what is expected by the tourists and the stakeholders a nd what is delivered. To show this, primary data was collected from selected areas in London and a qualitative analysis done to analyze the content from the viewers. In addition, secondary data was collected from different sampled blogs after which the information was equally analyzed. The findings of the study show that there is a positive correlation between reliable marketing information and proper destination management with destination image. Table of Contents Table of Contents i List of figures v List of Tables vi Appendix vii Acknowledgements viii Declaration of Originality ix Executive Summary x Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Objectives and Aims 4 1.3 Research Motivation 6 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 10 2.1 Background of London Tourism Market 10 2.2 Tourism Marketing Information 11 2.2.1 Importance Of Information 12 2.2.2 Areas for Information Generation 14 2.2.2.1 Sources Of Information 15 2.3 Image Management 20 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 27 3.1 Research The ory and Research Strategy 27 3.2 Data collection 28 3.2.1 Primary Research Method 28 3.2.1.1 Questionnaire 31 3.2.2 Second Research Method 34 3.3 Qualitative Content Analysis 36 3.3.1 Analysis of the Questionnaires 36 3.3.2 Analysis of the Blogs 37 3.4 Credibility, Validity and Reliability 39 Chapter 4 Findings 42 4.1 Findings of the Research 42 Chapeter 5: Discussion 50 5.1 Discussion of the Research 50 Chapter 6: Conclusion 56 6.1 Conclusion of the Research 56 6.2 Limitations And Future Recommendations 59 REFERENCES 61 List of figures Figure 1 9 List of Tables Table 1 35 Table 2 44 Table 3 46 Table 4 47 Table 5 48 Table 6 49 Table 7 50 Appendix List Appendix A 111 Appendix B 112 Appendix C 113 Appendix D 114 Acknowledgements First of all, I would like to thank my family for the support, sacrifice and encouragement during the completion of my dissertation. My family stood out as a strong pillar during the many months of juggling family with school. I would also like to express my s incere gratitudes to my poarents who remained confidence in me and my abilities Second, many thanks go to my supervisor whose guidance and patience helped me to take each step of this journey. Lastly, I would like to thank my RA’s and my friends who went to great lengths to help me in gatheruing the data required to complete this study Thank you deeply to all of you! . Declaration of Originality MASTERS DISSERTATION SUBMISSION FORM Student’

Japans culture, geography and history

Japans culture, geography and history Japan is an island-nation found off the coast of Northeast Asia, between the North Pacific and the Sea of Japan. After WWII, the country lay in ruin. Two million Japanese died in the war, a third of which were civilians, and more than 13 million Japanese were homeless (â€Å"Japan†). Today, Japan is a new and prosperous nation, and leading in trading. High-speed trains speed between Japan’s cities, connected by bridge and tunnel systems. Their transition back to being an economic superpower is remarkable, but not uncharacteristic, given their strong belief in hard work, the value of working together, and vigorous education standards (â€Å"Japan†). Since WWII, Japan has turned into one of the most highly urbanized and industrialized countries in the world. The country’s price for success, unfortunately, has been overcrowding issues. Close to two-thirds of the 126 million Japanese live in urban cities, making it understandable why Japan is one of the most d ensely population nations. (â€Å"Japan†). From north to south, Japan consists of four main islands: Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. There are also thousands of smaller islands stretched around them. The islands are generally covered in mountains, ranging anywhere from 8,000 to 12,000 feet above sea level (â€Å"Japan†). Japan also sits along the volcanic and earthquake-prone belt know as the â€Å"The Ring of Fire†. Minor tremors are common in the region, with most of the ‘quakes causing little to no damage at all. The Japanese islands were formed from earthquakes like these, only much stronger, creating mountain chains that eventually grew out of the water and formed into the islands (â€Å"Japan†). About four-fifths of Japan’s surface is covered in either hilly or mountainous terrain, leaving very little room for the population and agriculture. Most of the Japanese have no choice but to live in lowland plains around the coast where the land is relatively flat. The largest of these p lains is in the region near Japan’s capital city, Tokyo, where 12 million people live in one of the most heavily concentrated areas in the world. Over the course of centuries, the Japanese have developed into a very distinctive people. The Ainu are different from the Japanese because they’re the descendants of the islands earliest ancestors. Most of the Ainu now live on Hokkaido, separate from the majority of the population. The Japanese are primarily descendants from various parts of Asia, who migrated there from much earlier times (â€Å"Japan†). There’s only one official language spoken in Japan, Japanese, though English is taught as the foreign language everyone must learn in school. For this reason, many of the Japanese can understand English to some extent (â€Å"Japan†). Much unlike the rest of the world, the Japanese do not make class distinctions based on their income. Above all else, the Japanese are most concerned about status and rank among their peers. Factors such as age, length of service in the government or a company, and leadership in a group are the most highly regarded. The Japan ese show their respect in the form of a bow; the higher a person’s status, the deeper and longer the bow they receive. In the family, older members get the deepest bows, first dip in the tub, and best seat at the kitchen table (â€Å"Japan†). Japan has two principle religions; Shinto and Buddhism. Most of the Japanese adhere to both faiths. Shinto, which means â€Å"the way of the gods†, is a native religion to Japanese culture. Followers of Shinto worship the forces of nature, much like the gods of ancient Greece, who often personify the forces of nature themselves (â€Å"Japan†). Shinto originally came from the influences of Buddhism, which was introduced from China. Japanese culture is also largely focused on group cooperation. Other than family, the most important group to the Japanese is their company. In Japanese culture, the virtue most valued is harmony, as harmony is the key to success in any group (â€Å"Japan†). When groups make decisions, its important that all the members can agree to the same terms. A simple majority is not enough, as that leaves too many people feeling like they â€Å"lost† – The Japanese system of making decisions relies on long collaboration in which eve ry view is expressed. The Japanese like to avoid confrontation by using language that’s indirect and carefully worded (â€Å"Japan†). Eventually, when there’s a meeting of minds, decisions are nearly always completely unanimous. Japanese culture has long emphasized a heavy focus on education. The Japanese people attribute their development and economic success to a level of educational excellence. Japan often compares its achievements to the rest of the world, and only feels satisfied when it ranks right near the top. Japanese schools are under constant pressure to raise their educational standards, striving for excellence in all areas (â€Å"Japan†). All children must attend a six-year elementary and three-year junior high education from age 6 to 15. About 94 percent go on to attend high school, and 40 percent of high school graduates continue their education (â€Å"Japan†). In Japan, the school day is longer, the school week is five and a half days, and summer vacation is a little more than a month long. Discipline in schools is strict, with homework assigned starting from first grade on. Every student is also expected to study a foreign language, typically English, in junior high. About half of all students seek some kind of outside tutoring or after-school instruction. One result of this vigorous pursuit is almost 100 percent literacy, a rare achievement (â€Å"Japan†). In no other society is a successful future more dependent on an individuals academic achievement. Japanese schools are among the most competitive in the world, with the best companies only recruiting graduates of top-ranking universities. Those who attend lower-ranking programs will often settle for lesser jobs and benefits, but still enjoy a high level of job security as everyone else (â€Å"Japan†). As a result, nearly every student who has high ambitions for success will seek to enter a university. Admittance to national universities is merit based, rather than by social status or an individuals ability to pay tuition. This mindset allows universities to focus on bringing in the best minds, no matter what walk of life they come from (â€Å"Japan†). Students who wish to continue their education after junior high must pass vigorous entrance exams for both senior high school and universities. â€Å"Examination season† is during February and March each year. The p ressure to pass these exams is phenomenal, often referred to as â€Å"examination hell† (â€Å"Japan†). Student’s who fail examinations will often enroll is a special â€Å"cram† school and try again the following year. Under the constitution drafted in 1947, Japan is a constitutional monarchy. The emperor is head of the state, symbolic of the unity of the Japanese people. The legislative body is the Diet, which is made of a House of Representatives (the lower house) and the House of Councilors (the upper house). Councilors are elected to six-year terms, with half the seats up for election every three years. Representatives are elected to four-year terms (â€Å"Japan†). The Diet selects among itself the prime minister, head of the government, and a cabinet. The House can remove the prime minister at any time with a vote of â€Å"no confidence†. The judicial system is led by the Supreme Court, whose members are appointed by the cabinet. The Supreme Court rules on the constitutionality of laws and government actions (â€Å"Japan†). Japan has the world’s third-largest economy, having achieved remarkable growth since the destruction following WWII. The Japanese economy grew Japan has comparatively little farmland compared to the United States. Only 12 percent of the land is cultivated for farming, yet Japan produces about three-fourths the annual food requirement for its people (â€Å"Japan†, HSW). Japan’s fishing industry is also expansive, taking home among the largest catches annually. The war against the United States and its allies in WWII remains one of the greatest disasters in Japan’s history. It cost 2 million Japanese lives, including the hundreds of thousands who were killed in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (â€Å"Japan†). As a result of the war, Japan was stripped of its military peacekeeping ability and its forces were disbanded.

The Body as Anstoss in Sartres Account of Constitution :: Jean-Paul Sartre Philosophy Existentialism

The Body as Anstoss in Sartre's Account of Constitution ABSTRACT: Of all the German idealists, Jean-Paul Sartre refers the least to Fichte-so little in fact that there have been long-standing suspicions that he was not even familiar with Fichte's writings. It is perhaps ironic, then, that Fichte's writings are as helpful as they are for clarifying Sartre's views, especially his views on subjectivity and inter-subjectivity. Here I want to look closely at a key concept in Fichte's mature writings: the concept of the Anstoss, a concept which Dan Breazeale has called "Fichte's original insight." Fichte introduces the Anstoss, or "check," to explain why the I posits the world as it does. In effect, the Anstoss is the occasion of the facticity of the I. I will show that his concept can be uniquely helpful in understanding the role the body plays in Sartre's theory of inter-subjectivity. The importance of Sartre's account of the body for his theory of subjectivity and inter-subjectivity has been chronically under-appreciated by his interpreters; this comparison is the beginning of an attempt to rectify that. In turn the concept of the Anstoss provides a means for analyzing the necessary differences between any Sartrean and Fichtean ethics based on their respective accounts of inter-subjectivity. Of all the German Idealists, Sartre refers the least to Fichte-so little in fact that there have been long-standing suspicions that he wasn't even familiar with Fichte's writings. It is perhaps ironic, then, that Fichte's writings are as helpful as they are for clarifying Sartre's views-especially his views on subjectivity and intersubjectivity. Here I want to look closely at a key concept in Fichte's mature writings-the concept of the Anstoss, a concept which has Dan Breazeale (implicitly against Dieter Henrich) has called "Fichte's original insight." (1) I believe, and I hope to show here, that this concept can be uniquely helpful in understanding, of all things, the role the body plays in Sartre's theory of intersubjectivity. The importance of Sartre's account of the body for his theory of subjectivity and intersubjectivity has been chronically under-appreciated by his interpreters; this comparison is the beginning of an attempt to rectify that. This introduces in turn a means for analyzing the necessary differences between any Sartrean and Fichtean ethics based on their respective accounts of intersubjectivity. The term Anstoss is first used in a systematic fashion by Fichte in the Grundlage der Gesamten Wissenschaftslehre from 1794/95.

Simulated business: JKL Industries Essay

Business and strategic planning Mission JKL Industries is an Australian owned company selling forklifts, small trucks and spare parts to industry. We deliver value to customers and investors through our highly trained, motivated, and expert workforce. Vision JKL Industries believes in developing and unlocking the potential of its people to allow the company to become the leading supplier of forklifts, small, medium and large trucks in Australia. Company values Performance excellence Value for investors, customers and employees Personal and professional development Diversity Sustainability. Strategic planning Goals Strategic objectives Operational objectives Provide value to investors and owners Increase overall profitability by 10% over next three years Reduce costs through negotiations with suppliers Reduce costs through HR management efficiencies Increase revenue through providing increased customer value Exit underperforming markets; JKL will withdraw from the rental market and close the rental division within the next 18 months HR partners with business to help business achieve financial goals HR completes scan of external conditions and market/industry forces impacting competitiveness and capability development Provide value to customers JKL will continue to sell and service forklifts and expand their market share by 7% within the next 12–18 months Provide quality customer service JKL will expand existing branches to include the sale of medium and large trucks within 18 months HR partners with business to help business meet customer needs HR partners with front line managers to help them meet the needs of customers through motivated, competent and well- equipped staff Develop human potential Provide required training Deliver training to upskill rental employees Recruit Conduct skills audits and needs analysis for all roles to be filled by recruitment strategy Become an employer of choice Provide personal development plans for all employees Provide best in industry programs incentives and HR services Manage performance and adherence to organisational values Complete twice-yearly performance reviews Communicate organisational values and code of conduct Continuously improve operations and management efficiency Monitor performance in all areas of strategy and operational efficiency Monitor management inputs such as completion of reporting and coaching requirements Monitor stock turns of forklifts, trucks, etc. Monitor HR service delivery efficiency Operational plan JKL intends to implement operational plans to realise strategic objectives. Key aspects to operations include human resources, performance management, physical and financial resources and workflow. Human resources The organisation is currently using a HR business partner model with a human resources officer aligned to each of the three key business areas: Sales, fleet rentals, and service. JKL employees over 190 personnel in the following categories as demonstrated in the organisation chart below. The Managing Director reports to a board of directors and is based in the Sydney corporate office, along with the Operations Manager, HR Department and the Finance and Administration team. The HR Manager reports to the operations manager and heads up the HR centres of excellence that include recruitment, learning and development, and employee relations and services. In each of the state-based sites there is a branch office consisting of an office building, warehouse, service department and sales office. The Human Resources Officers (Business Partners) report to both the HR Manager at Head Office and their respective managers in the branches. A summary of human resources at each location appears below: Sydney head office Personnel: 30 full-time and casual sales and customer service people (8 sales consultants; 8 retail sales consultants; 5 mechanics; 3 apprentices, 3 HR officers; 3 administrative assistants Accounts Manager and 2 accountants senior management team (3) + one Branch Manager (Operations Manager, HR Manager, Finance and Administration Manager CEO and managing directors. Branches Each branch employs the following personnel: 30 full-time and casual sales and customer service people (8 sales consultants; 8 retail sales consultants; 5 mechanics; 3 apprentices, 3 HR officers; 3 administrative assistants Branch Manager. Office requirements Sydney Head office Size: 15,000 square metres (~70% space available for sales and rentals; ~25 available for servicing) Large mezzanine office space (occupied by Senior Management Team). Loading bay with large capacity. Branches Average Size: 12,000 square metres (~70% space available for sales and rentals; ~25 available for servicing) Large mezzanine open-plan office space with separate access (was previously rented out to a telemarketing company) Loading bay with large capacity. Operating capital requirements JKL requires approximately 13 million dollars in working capital to sustain the business and ensure it meets all opening and ongoing financial obligations. Operational expenses Wages, salaries $6,000,000 Consultancy fees $150,000 Communication expenses $120,000 Marketing $2,400,000 Premises expenses $3,000,000 Insurance $356,000 Depreciation and amortisation $540,000 Office supplies $180,000 Training $180,000 Total Expenses $12,926,000 Insurance requirements JKL will have to incur costs for business liability insurance. The estimated cost for this requirement is $356,000 per year. Operational workflow Sales 1. Negotiate with suppliers. 2. Receive and warehouse products. 3. Provide service and information to customers. 4. Receive payment. 5. Arrange delivery of items (if required). Rentals 1. Conduct market research to determine needs. 2. Negotiate with suppliers. 3. Receive and warehouse rental products. 4. Provide service and information to rental customers. 5. Receive payment. 6. Arrange delivery of items (if required). Service 1. Conduct market research to determine needs. 2. Negotiate with suppliers. 3. Receive and warehouse service supplies. 4. Provide service and information to service customers. 5. Receive payment. JKL accepts cash, EFTPOS and major credit cards. Credit terms are available for trades. Operating hours JKL operates Monday to Friday from 9 am to 5 pm. JKL will be operational year‑round except federal and state holidays (as they apply to each branch). JKL policies and procedures JKL has a number of policies and procedures to support its core values and to ensure compliance with legislative requirements. Code of conduct JKL Industries acknowledges its role as a responsible corporate citizen. JKL’s success will result not simply from satisfying specific equipment needs for a quality product at reasonable prices, but from conducting its business with integrity and in accordance with the core values of the organisation. Employees and officers of JKL are expected to: Respect and support the core values of the organisation: Performance excellence Value for investors, customers and employees Personal and professional development Diversity Sustainability Respect others and treat others (colleagues, managers, reports, clients, customers and organisational stakeholders) with fairness Act in accordance with relevant legislation, standards and industry codes of practice Act honestly to protect the reputation of JKL; avoid the fact or appearance of conflict of interest Protect the privacy of others in accordance with organisational privacy and recordkeeping policies. Legislative requirements It is company policy to comply in all respects with local/state/federal government legislation. The relevant legislation that needs to be complied with includes: Competition and Consumer Act 2010 Disability Discrimination Act 1992 Equal Employment Opportunity for Women in the Workplace Act 1999 Fair Work Act 2009 Freedom of Information Act 1982 Privacy Act 1988 Racial Discrimination Act 1975 Safety, Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 1988 Sex Discrimination Act 1984 State and territory health and safety legislation JKL’s policy of compliance with legislation requires each employee to understand the legislation relevant to their position. Managers and employees of JKL are expected to conduct their operations in a manner consistent with all relevant legislation. Relevant legislation is available for reference through senior management, HR or via access to the internet. State legislation and summary notes are accessed on state government websites. A guide to accessing federal and state legislation, court decisions, key national and state bodies and research tools is available at: Parliament of Australia, ‘Key internet links on Australian law’, viewed January 2014, . Health, safety and rehabilitation policy The purpose of this policy is to state the organisation’s commitment to reducing and managing health and safety risks, and delivering workers’ compensation and rehabilitation and first aid training. This policy applies to all officers, employees and contractors of JKL. Applicable legislation includes: Safety, Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 1988 (Cwlth) Work Health and Safety Act 2011 (NSW) state health and safety Acts that apply to each branch (check your state’s legislation) Workers’ Compensation Act 1987 (NSW) Workplace Injury Management and Workers’ Compensation Act 1988 (NSW). The JKL health, safety and rehabilitation policy are displayed in all work locations. JKL’s commitment to the work health and safety is further detailed as part of the JKL Work Health and Safety Management Standards. Workplace harassment, victimisation and bullying policy The purpose of this policy is to underscore the organisation’s commitment to the elimination of all forms of bullying and harassment in the workplace. All employees have the right to conduct their work within a fair, supportive, high-performance environment. Harassment, victimisation and bullying in the workplace are illegal and such actions are not tolerated by JKL. Staff members found to be harassing or bullying other members of staff or customers will face disciplinary action ranging from counselling and performance management to summary dismissal. This policy applies to all officers, employees and contractors of JKL. Relevant legislation may include, but is not limited to: Disability Discrimination Act 1992 Equal Employment Opportunity for Women in the Workplace Act 1999 Racial Discrimination Act 1975 Sex Discrimination Act 1984 Anti-Discrimination Act 1977 (NSW). Anti-discrimination and equal opportunity policy The purpose of this policy is to underscore the organisation’s commitment to  the fair treatment of all personnel and customers. JKL Industries values the diversity of its team, clients and communities and respects the rights of individuals and groups to operate in an environment free of discrimination. Access and equity (diversity and anti-discrimination) is fundamental to the operations of JKL. It is embedded in policies, practices and forward planning. JKL recognises the importance of diversity in achieving our vision. JKL understands the business environment and actively assists customers to reach their optimum potential. Our primary objective is to be solution-oriented and focused on customer needs. JKL recognises that valuing diversity is pivotal to achieving its vision. A welcoming, supportive environment will be provided leading to positive learning and employment, and individuals having the opportunity to reach their optimum potential. At JKL, anyone engaged in employment or the provision or receipt of training and/or services has the right to operate in an environment that is free from discrimination on the grounds of: age; breastfeeding; disability; industrial activity; lawful sexual activity; marital status; physical features; political belief or activity; pregnancy; race; religious belief or activity; sex; gender identity; sexual orientation; parental or carer status; employment activity; or personal association with any individuals with these characteristics. Procedures are in place for handling any grievances including complaints of discrimination, unfair treatment or harassment. Complaints will be taken seriously and every effort will be made to resolve them quickly, impartially, empathically and with appropriate confidentiality. Victimisation of complainant/s and witness/es is illegal. Complaints may also be lodged with a relevant government agency or regulatory body. This policy applies to all officers, em ployees and contractors of JKL. Relevant legislation may include, but is not limited to: Disability Discrimination Act 1992 Equal Employment Opportunity for Women in the Workplace Act 1999 Racial Discrimination Act 1975 Sex Discrimination Act 1984 Anti-Discrimination Act 1977 (NSW). JKL is committed to upholding affirmative action, equal opportunity and anti-discrimination legislation. This legislation is detailed at: ‘Legislation’, Australian Human Rights and Equal Opportunities Commission, viewed January 2014, . Privacy policy The purpose of this policy is to outline JKL’s commitment to protecting the right to privacy of both employees and customers. Customer information is treated under the following rules. 1. Collection Organisations must ensure that individuals are aware their personal information is being collected, why, who it might be passed on to and that they can ask the organisation what personal information it holds about them. 2. Use Personal information may not be collected unless it is necessary for an organisation’s activities and must only be used for the purpose it was collected. 3. Data quality Organisations must take steps to ensure that the personal information they collect is accurate, complete and up-to-date. 4. Data security An organisation must take reasonable steps to protect the personal information it holds from misuse and loss and from unauthorised access, modification or disclosure. 5. Openness An organisation must have a policy document outlining its information handling practices and make this available to anyone who asks. 6. Access and correction Generally, an organisation must give an individual access to personal information it holds about the individual on request. 7. Identifiers Generally, an organisation must not adopt, use or disclose an identifier that has been assigned by a Commonwealth government agency. 8. Anonymity Organisations must give people the option to interact anonymously whenever it is lawful and practicable to do so 9. Transborder data flows An organisation can only transfer personal information to a recipient in a foreign country in circumstances where the information will have appropriate protection. 10. Sensitive information Sensitive information (such as about someone’s health, political opinions or sexual preference), may only be collected with the consent of the individual (unless a public interest exception applies). JKL takes care to respect  employees to privacy and fully complies with our obligations under relevant legislation. Employee records are exempt from the Privacy Act. Records include: employee records and personnel files referee reports workplace surveillance and monitoring. Although such records are exempt from the Privacy Act, JKL commits to protecting the privacy of employees through: providing access to own records where available or practicable for correction undertaking not to pass on data to others or external parties except for the strict purposes of undertaking JKL business or without express permission. This policy applies to all officers, employees and contractors of JKL. Relevant legislation may include, but is not limited to: Privacy Act 1988 Privacy Amendment (Private Sector) Act 2000. Recordkeeping policy The purpose of this policy is to outline the organisation’s approach to recordkeeping. At JKL, records management systems are based on developing and implementing recordkeeping policies, procedures, and practices to meet the operational needs of the organisation and that comply with externally imposed standards such as legislation. Implementation strategies for recordkeeping systems include: ensuring the system to meets all of the operational and strategic needs of JKL documenting the system (see procedures) training personnel to create and store records setting standards for recordkeeping and monitoring the use of systems ensuring all legislative requirements are met, including for retention periods. JKL adheres to the Australian and international standard for recordkeeping, AS ISO 15489: 2002 Records Management. This policy applies to all officers, employees and contractors of JKL. Relevant legislation may include, but is not limited to: Privacy Act 1988 anti-discrimination legislation. Recordkeeping procedures File management Create a personal subfolder within the server (using your name as the subfolder name) to hold your day-to-day working files. Do not store company data on your C: drive (i.e. do not save work only to your computer, rather than to the network) unless absolutely necessary. Company data should be stored in the appropriate server drive. Unlike the servers which are backed up automatically, data on your own computer is not backed up and your work may be lost if you experience a system crash. If you use a laptop and require access to files offsite, you will be set up with remote access to server files away from the office. When documents are completed, they should be saved to the appropriate ‘completed work’ folder in your department. Filenames Filename should include authors last name, title of report (or abbreviated title of report), and date of submission. Back-ups  Back-up copies of all electronic files on the server are made twice weekly. If you spend an extended time away from the office network using a laptop, it is your responsibility to ensure local copies of company files are backed up. Vocational education and training, apprenticeships and traineeships policy The purpose of this policy is to underscore JKL’s commitment to developing workforce capability and developing its people. JKL is committed to providing young and new graduates in gaining employment in the industry. Apprentices and trainees are rostered on each shift with at least one vocationally competent person who supervises the apprentice/trainee’s work and performance of duties. JKL directs all clients to the relevant guide to apprenticeships and traineeships and the relevant government websites. This policy applies to all officers, employees and contractors of JKL. Performance management policy The purpose of this policy is to underscore JKL’s commitment to monitoring performance, developing workforce capability and developing its people. Performance reviews should be held twice yearly by managers. Performance  should be monitored against agreed KPIs and feedback provided on a regular basis. This policy applies to all officers, employees and contractors of JKL. Relevant legislation may include, but is not limited to: Privacy Act 1988 anti-discrimination legislation equal employment opportunity legislation.